Fenghua Jade Motor Co., Ltd. , http://www.china-wpc-product.com
Keywords: nano-packaging preparation methods applied technology a nanotechnology overview nanometer (nm) is a unit of measurement of the length of the material, is 10-9m, with a symbol for the nm, nanometer is equal to one billionth of a meter, thousands One-half micrometer, about the width of three or four atoms. From micron technology to nanotechnology, it is an inevitable result of scientific development, but it is not simply an extension. From the measurement unit of 0.1 nanometer to 100 nanometers, the physical and structural properties of matter have changed from quantitative to qualitative changes. Nanoscience It is the technology built on this tiny measure interval.
Nanotechnology (nanotecnnology) is an extremely rich terminology. Its basic meaning is to recognize and transform nature within the nanoscale (10-10 to 10-7m) scale space, and to study the creation of new substances by directly manipulating and arranging the laws and characteristics of the movements of atoms and molecules.
Second, a brief history of the development of nano-packaging materials The history of artificial preparation of nano-materials can be traced back to at least 1000 years ago, such as the use of the smoke of burning candles in ancient China made of carbon black as the raw material of ink and dyes used for coloring, is the earliest nanomaterials.
In July 1990, Baltimore, United States, held the first international conference on nanoscience and technology, officially publishing nanomaterials science as a new branch of materials science. This marks the birth of nanomaterials as a relatively independent discipline. Since then, this nanotechnology research between atoms, molecules, and macroscopic materials has become a hot topic in the world. Luo Yi is the most famous material expert in the late 20th century. His nano theory has created a nano-new age of nano-packaging materials. Under the guidance of nano-theory, in 1990 Japan first researched successfully nano-composite packaging material PA6/Mt. Soon nanocrystalline liquid crystal (nmLCP) composite PET polyester material came out in the United States, its performance is better than laminating complex packaging materials, and its packaging application is just around the corner.
Third, the four major effects of nanostructures and nanomaterials Nanostructures are based on nanometer-scale material units and are built or constructed in accordance with certain laws. They include one-dimensional, two-dimensional, and three-dimensional systems.
Nanomaterial generally refers to a material with a size of 1-100nm, which is a typical mesoscopic system at the transitional zone between the atomic cluster and the macroscopic object. After nanomaterials are made of common materials, nanomaterials have excellent special functions such as light, force, sound, electricity, heat, magnetism, projection, and absorption. It will have extremely unique four major effects: 1 Small size Effect or volume effect; 2 surface effect and interface effect; 3 quantum size effect; 4 macro quantum tunnel effect. Due to the above four effects, nanomaterials exhibit the following properties: 1 high strength and high toughness; 2 high thermal expansion coefficient, high specific heat and low melting point; 3 abnormal electrical conductivity and magnetic susceptibility; 4 extremely strong wave absorbing property; Diffusion.
Fourth, the preparation of nano-materials, nano-materials preparation methods: including physical and chemical methods. The physical methods include evaporation condensation method, physical pulverization method, mechanical ball milling method, electric explosion sintering method, plasma physical vapor synthesis method, vapor expansion method, free jet expansion method, and the like. The chemical methods mainly include gas phase chemical method, precipitation method, free jet expansion method and the like. The chemical methods mainly include gas phase chemical method, precipitation method, hydrothermal synthesis method, sol-gel method, solvent evaporation method (three kinds of spray method), microemulsion method, electrolysis method, polymer method, phase transfer method and the like.
2. Preparation methods of nanocomposites: (1) high-energy ball milling; (2) combustion synthesis; (3) chemical vapor deposition (CVD); (4) melt blending; (5) intrusion Layer composite technology).
3. The method of directly synthesizing nanostructures is currently a feasible method for obtaining synthetic nanomaterials: (1) nanogermanium layer polymerization; (2) phase separation block polymer; (3) hybrid material; (4) assembly and synthesis of nanometer Phase; (5) Imitation silk fibrillation technology; (6) Polymerization synthesis of hyperbranched or dendritic macromolecules; (7) Spinning and fibrillation technology; (8) In vivo assembly of nanophase structural materials (called bionic nanosynthesis) .
4. The surface modification of nanomaterials can be roughly divided into six types: (1) surface modification (surface active agent coverage modification); (2) high-energy surface modification; (3) outer film modification; (4) Local activity modification; (5) Mechanochemical modification; (6) Modification by precipitation reaction.
6, nanotechnology must have two conditions: First, the nano-size, and second, nature is not new. Nanometer measurement techniques can be summed up in the following four technical approaches: (1) scanning and control needle microtechnology; (2) optical heterodyne interferometry; (3) X-ray interference microscopy; (4) based on the F-D standard Micro technology.
V. Propositions and Necessity of Nano Packaging Printing The application and development of nanotechnology and nanomaterials provide a golden opportunity for the Chinese packaging industry to carry out research on the application of nanotechnology in the field of packaging and printing; although nanotechnology is the 21st century The most promising technology areas, but the application of nanotechnology in packaging and printing in our country has just started.
1, the definition of nano-packaging: Although there is no accurate definition of nano-packaging, but from the perspective of nano-science, nano-packaging refers to the use of nano-materials, nano-technology for packaging products nano synthesis, nano-add, nano-modification, It has the packaging, information elements of nanostructure, scale, and specific functions.
2. Nano packaging has four elements: nano packaging material elements, nano packaging container elements, nano packaging technology elements, and nano packaging information.
3, nano-packaging materials: It is the system of nano-composite packaging materials with a dispersed phase size of 1-100 nm nano-particles or crystals and other packaging materials synthesized or added.
4. The research objects and tasks of nano packaging are: studying the movement state and law of nano packaging materials in the process of logistics, the laws and preparation technology of physical properties of nano packaging materials, and the relationship between nano packaging and multi-disciplines, and thus Brand-new packaging concept, improve and create new packaging technology, packaging technology and decoration technology, shorten the engineering, industrialization, commercialization and process of existing packaging companies and nano-packaging.
Sixth, nano-package printing applications and research 1, nano-composite packaging materials with the 21st century, increasing demand for special features such as anti-explosion packaging, anti-electromagnetic packaging, camouflage packaging, high resistance packaging technology development. Nano packaging material made of nano-materials has become a kind of new high-tech material that we need. It not only greatly improves the performance of raw materials and gives new functions, but also extends the scope of application of raw materials and beautiful prospects, and also saves Scarce resources.
2. Nano-antibacterial packaging materials Antibacterial packaging materials have become a hot topic. Japan added a new type of inorganic antibacterial agent to packaging materials and added antibacterial agents and synergists to polyolefin films. At present, the antibacterial film is widely used. Pure natural base materials can exert amazing bactericidal effect under the transformation of nanotechnology. Antibacterial and aseptic packaging can make the bacteria body change or precipitate. Once it encounters water, it will exert stronger destruction on bacteria. , And strong adsorption capacity, penetration is also very strong, there are also strong antibacterial effects after repeated washing.
3. The smart packaging materials currently developed by nano-functional (smart) packaging materials are usually made of functional materials such as photovoltaic, temperature sensitive, moisture sensitive and packaging materials, which can identify and indicate the temperature, humidity and pressure of the packaging space. As well as some important parameters such as the degree and time of sealing, this is a very promising functional packaging material that can prevent discoloration, rust prevention, mildew proofing, preservative, and partially composite materials than composites. Functional packaging materials are good, and functional bags or sheets are usually made for convenience.
4. Modification Technology of Nano-packaging Materials Adding nano-particles to plastic not only plays a reinforcing role, but also has many new features. Due to its light transmission and small particle size, nano-SiO2 can make plastics denser, which greatly improves the transparency, strength, toughness and waterproof performance of plastic films. Therefore, it can be used as a special high-grade plastic packaging film.
Some countries have added nano-alumina to rubber, which has greatly improved the wear resistance and dielectric properties of rubber, significantly extended the service life, and greatly improved performance. Japan also experimented to add alumina AL2O3 nanoparticles to ordinary glass without affecting the transparency and high temperature impact toughness; semiconducting nanoparticles (gallium arsenide, antimony, silicon) were placed in glass or organic polymers, increasing the Trivalent nonlinear coefficient.
5, nano-coating material binary synergistic nano-interface material is to promote the dual synergistic promotion to the nano-interface, discuss the new interface properties, super-dual interface material properties, (or super-parent nano material) its basic principle is in a specific Surfaces are constructed with complementary (e.g., convex and concave) interfacial structures of nanometer-sized geometries. Their concave surface allows for the presence of adsorbed gas atoms and molecules stably. On the macroscopic surface, they are equivalent to a layer of stable gas film. Water does not come into direct contact with the surface of the material, giving the surface of the material an extraordinary double-solubility. At this time, the contact angle between the droplet or oil droplet and the interface tends to be maximum. In the area of ​​packaging materials, paper products, cartons, films, etc. have also received extraordinary super-oleophobic effects.
The complete nano-coating material has now been applied to the military. With the traditional coating technology, adding a small amount of nano-materials or wires to form nanoparticles, the function of the traditional coating can be upgraded, and the addition of nano-materials can be improved. Hardness, reduced self-moistening caused by friction, and improved high temperature resistance, oxidation resistance and aging resistance. It can also produce antibacterial and cleaning effects.
6, nano-adhesives and sealants Adhesives and sealants are important products in the packaging field, a wide range of use. Foreign countries have added nano-SiO2 as an additive to adhesives and sealants, which greatly increase the bonding effect of adhesives and the sealability of sealants. The mechanism of action is to coat the surface of nano-SiO2 with a layer of organic material. To make it hydrophilic.
7. Nano-magnetic material Nano-liquid material is a very typical application of nano-particles. It is super-paramagnetic nano-particles coating a layer of long-chain organic surfactant highly dispersed in a certain base fluid, and constitute a stable magnetic Liquid. Its saturation magnetization can be 4 times higher than the former. The possible applications of magnetic fluids are very wide. Such as jet printing magnetic ink, X-ray contrast agent (instead of tincture agent), positioning lubricants. There are many other uses for magnetic fluids, such as dampers in instrument tables, silent magnetic printing, medical contrast agents, and more.
8. Nano-plate packaging materials The iron plates used in beverage cans have undergone the development of tinplate (tin plating) and tin-free steel plates (TES). Currently, they have developed into the so-called third-generation nano-materials, in order to improve the welding of TES. Sealing performance, now developed 3rd generation submicron tin TES plate, nano-tin grain diameter 100nm, tin plating 100mg/m2, volume rate <12%, tin volume and amount is greatly reduced, the new plate is safe and The performance is good, easy to process and shape, the operating parameters range is relaxed, especially the welding sealability is improved, making it a high-grade metal can plate. For example, the welding current range is as wide as 300-600A, which is more suitable for making beverage packaging containers.
9, nano-luminescent materials and security printing:
A new type of nano-luminescent material can emit light in the dark for more than 12-24 hours after a few minutes of illumination. Its luminous intensity and maintaining time are more than 30 times that of traditional fluorescent materials, and the material itself is non-toxic, harmless, and does not contain any Radioactive elements have excellent stability and weather resistance. Can be used endlessly.
Utilizing the new wide-area laser holographic anti-counterfeiting packaging film material and manufacturing technology, R&D and industrial production of high-performance anti-counterfeiting and packaging film products suitable for the Chinese market, with great market potential and equipment
Abstract: The definition, elements and research objects of nano packaging are revealed, the main preparation methods of nano packaging materials are summarized, and the application and development prospects of nano technology in the field of packaging and printing are proposed.