Printing is an integrated process that involves a variety of advanced technologies. With the continuous improvement of printing technology, new types of fibers, especially polyester fibers and reactive and disperse dyes, have been introduced one after another. Fabric printing has moved from the craft workshop into technology. The palace has achieved unprecedented achievements. Traditional printing processes include roller printing, rotary screen printing and flat screen printing. There are many traditional printing production processes, the “five-ring relationship†in the traditional printing industry, namely, “plate making systemâ€, “adjusting color pasteâ€, “machine printingâ€, “pattern design†and “post-processingâ€. These five production processes are Relevant, any out of the loop will directly affect the quality of calico. The traditional printing water-consuming links mainly include fixing, soaping, washing, etc. These links are indispensable, and sewage discharge is inevitable. With the advent of water crisis and increasingly serious environmental pollution, traditional printing technologies will face increasingly strict restrictions. Traditional printing technology has greatly improved in environmental protection, but due to its own production process characteristics, it is impossible to fundamentally eliminate pollution. Due to the large number of printing production processes, miscellaneous types of work, many people involved, high processing technology requirements, and low production efficiency, the space for change and improvement in the entire printing production is also the largest and most. Development of new printing technology Ecological printing is a need for development. Printing technology is developing in the direction of environmental protection, energy saving, and consumption reduction. It is in line with the characteristics of “ecological, high-efficiency, high-quality, and multi-functionality†of textile dyeing and finishing in today's textile industry. It is also a requirement for textile development in the future. Many ecological printing technologies have emerged. 1, digital inkjet printing technology Digital printing is a new concept proposed in 1997. Digital ink jet printing is a high-tech machine that integrates machinery, electronics, and information processing equipment. Its appearance is another revolution in printing technology after bump printing and screen printing. , It uses a special machine digital ink jet printing machine to directly spray dye on textile fabrics to quickly form high-precision color patterns, freeing designers from the framework of production technology and process conditions, and people can according to their own wishes To design ideas, change combinations of direct printing, is currently in the direction of industrialization and rapid development. With the application of advanced printing technology, the silk pattern formed by ordinary printing is completely eliminated. Jet printing equipment is simple, easy to operate, the cost is relatively cheap, small footprint, easy to use, to adapt to the requirements of personalized clothing products, the technology does not require plate, no color paste modulation and scrubbing flowers and other wet and dirty work environment, On-demand pulping, less residual color paste, easy washing after printing, less water consumption, can greatly reduce the amount of sewage discharged, inkjet printing technology to enable the production of textile printing from the traditional high energy consumption, high pollution, high noise production The process has achieved a low-energy, pollution-free green production process and is currently the most competitive printing method. However, because of the slow printing speed of ink and equipment, the scale production has not yet been realized. However, equipment manufacturers are trying to solve the problem of vehicle speed. It has been reported that the speed can reach 20m/min; in addition, the printing process must be pretreated with fabrics. And printing post-processing, so it will inevitably consume water, it will still produce some pollution. 2. Electrostatic electronic printing technology Electrostatic printing is a novel printing process developed in recent years. It was successfully tested in Japan in November 2002 by four companies including Kyoto and Ricoh in Japan. It utilizes a relatively simple electrostatic device, which maintains a certain spacing between the print coating and the fabric. In the absence of direct contact, the ink is transferred to the fabric due to the electrostatic field. In order for the printed pattern to have a certain color fastness on the fabric, post-fixation processing must also be performed after the copy is completed. Because the electrostatic printing speed is fast, the pattern can be directly printed on the fabric at one time, which is more convenient and convenient than other printing methods currently used. It is a novel printing method with potential for development; and the electrostatic electronic printing has high efficiency and short flow. The advantages of low cost, low environmental pollution, etc., are the preferred printing methods for ecological textile printing. The electrostatic electronic printing device is completely different from the jet printing machine. It does not use nozzles, and the operating rate is more than 20% higher than jet printing. The definition is 720dpi. The production speed is 50 times that of the jet printer, and the dyestuff and ink required per square meter The price is 1/200 for jet printing, which will bring about great changes in the global printing process in the 21st century. 3, transfer printing technology Transfer printing is to print the desired pattern on the transfer printing paper with the dye paste, and then the fabric is attached to the front of the paper, using the dye sublimation performance, after high temperature and pressing, to make the pattern in the paper The dye is transferred to the fabric surface and fixed to the pattern. Transfer printing is a kind of printing method with practical significance in water-free processing. The process does not require water, paper deformation is small, can print fine multi-level patterns and photographic pictures, the picture is actually transferred to the cloth, the effect is sometimes better than the general printing. 4, other ecological printing new technology Photoelectric imaging printing, paint printing, microcapsule printing, radiant energy printing, foaming three-dimensional printing, flocking printing and other new printing technologies have also emerged, and have made a good foundation for the realization of ecological printing to a greater extent. Development of special printing Special printing process is simple, the process is short, no pollution, no steaming, soaping, low cost, in line with the current environmental protection requirements, there are development prospects. 1, pearl printing Pearlescent pearlescent printing does not require light excitation, acid and alkali resistance, high temperature resistance, natural pearlescent and artificial pearling, and artificial pearlescent light can also be extracted from fish scales. The pearlescent print shows pearl-like luster, luxuriant and luxurious, with excellent feel and fastness. The main component of pearlescent pigment is guanoin, its crystal is pure and colorless, can reflect light, has certain persistence, is easy to crush, can be mixed with other paints, does not affect gloss, and is currently used in printing fabrics. Pearlescent pulp can be applied to printing on various fiber fabrics. It can be used alone or mixed with paints to produce colored pearlescent effect. It can achieve colorful printing effect, high hiding power, and can provide overprinting effect. The shade of color has no limitations. 2, luminous printing Luminous printing is printed on the printed fabric to produce shiny and bright light effects, light emitting printing is mainly the use of luminous crystal slurry printed on the surface of the fabric, through the pre-baking and curing of light-emitting paste on the fabric, resulting in luminous effect. The paste can be used alone or with the coating. It is mainly used in the elastic interwoven products of polyamides and spandex, and there is no requirement for ground color. It can be printed on the dyeing ground. 3, luminous printing Luminous powder is a kind of rare earth metal material, made into powder, using a paint printing method, the luminous powder is printed on the fabric to form a pattern. After a certain amount of light, the luminous body contained in the luminous powder is excited to obtain a durable luminous effect printed fabric, glittering in the dark, with good luminous effect and excellent hand and fastness. Luminous printing is limited to printing in shallow colors and is not suitable for dark areas. 4, foaming three-dimensional printing Foamed three-dimensional printing refers to the addition of foaming agent and plastic resin in the printing paste. After the high-temperature baking, the foaming agent decomposes to release gas to expand the printing paste to form a three-dimensional pattern. The resin is used to fix the coating and obtain coloring. And foaming three-dimensional effect. Foaming three-dimensional printing can be added with gold and silver powder printing, and it can also print foaming paste on the printing fabric to form a strong three-dimensional three-dimensional graphics. 5, microcapsule printing Microcapsule printing is the use of micro-capsule dyes to obtain colored flower prints on fabrics. The microcapsule dye is composed of an inner core and a capsula, the inner core is a dye, and the capsula is gelatin. There are three types of microcapsules: single-core type, multi-core type, and composite type. The single-core type contains a dye and a film; the multi-core type contains a variety of dyes in a capsule but does not mix colors. Each dye is encapsulated and encapsulated in a capsule; the composite type is a composite microcapsule in which each dye is encapsulated to form an independent capsule and consists of a multilayer outer membrane. 6, gold and silver powder printing Gold and silver powder printing is to mix gold powder or silver powder with special transparent printing paste or adhesive, and then printed on the fabric to form a golden or silver glitter pattern effect. Gold and silver powder is made of copper-zinc alloy and pure aluminum powder. The coarser the particles, the better the gloss, but the worse the penetration rate. The gold and silver powder printing is mainly the choice of printing paste. When selecting, it is necessary to select a special paste that is transparent and does not affect the luster of gold and silver after heat treatment, and has good hand and fastness. With the development of textile printing products, special printing will continue to invest in domestic and foreign markets. This article describes only part of the special printing, there are many actual production, such as: fluorescent printing, conversion effect printing, plastic printing, paint printing, multi-colored color printing, jet printing, digital printing, etc. printing methods, in This will not be described in detail. Fourth, textile printing innovation trend With the development of disciplines and the cross-application of various disciplines, printing technology has been better utilized in textile printing and dyeing, which has changed the traditional weaknesses of textile printing and dyeing technology towards high-performance textile printing processes, multi-functional, composite, The direction of smart development is more conducive to the protection of the ecological environment. High-tech materials and a variety of special printing fabrics with various functions such as perception, tactile and olfactory senses, have enriched the quality of people's lives and met the special needs of each act. Special printing to meet the needs of the times and the need to increase the added value, but also reflects the progress of printing technology, is the inevitable trend of today's printing technology progress. The printing industry has gradually evolved from extensive, labor-intensive industries in the past to knowledge, technology, multidisciplinary, and capital-intensive industries, creating new popular concepts, predicting, designing, and promoting high-grade industries, and is increasingly becoming an international textile market. The focus of competition. Dyeing and finishing technology is centered around topics such as global competition, small batch processing, ecological street, strained markets, and cost control. People in the printing industry have actively developed toward internationalization, information technology, modernization, and science and technology in all aspects of production, marketing, design, and development, and have continuously improved their management. Develop new products around the requirements of comfort, health, safety, and environmental protection; deep processing, high value-added development. Multi-component, multi-function, multi-processing technologies such as cross-application, compounding, and coating will increase. New materials, new styles, new designs, and new features guide trends. Clothing guides trends from style and design. At present, it is in the era of information textile and new raw material textiles. New raw materials are developed from quality, variety, function, and performance. trend. High-tech applications, high-tech products, and intelligent products will increase. Emphasis on personalization, series, matching and other products increased. For small batches, multiple varieties, high quality, and fast delivery products, the processing methods are valued and innovation can not be ignored.