This article reprinted from: Shanghai Huaxun RTK Surveying Encyclopedia http://?cat_code=zsk RTK (Real Time Kinematic) is also called real-time dynamic differential measurement. The principle is to obtain the coordinates of the measurement point by the carrier phase dynamic real-time differential method, alias dynamic GPS. With the application of Beidou satellite, RTK technology has gradually matured. This RTK product is also widely used in our surveying and mapping industry. It is also widely used in land, planning, power, transportation, forestry, marine and other industries. Compared with the cumbersome total station, RTK's fast and convenient has won the favor of surveyors. It is true that RTK can't replace the total station now. The following are the comparisons between their advantages and disadvantages. First, from the conditions of use 1. The conditions of use of the total station In fact, the total station is the electronic and automated of the theodolite. It can not only measure the distance, but also measure the coordinates and elevation. There are several conditions that must be met when working with a total station: (1) There must be visible light, and the light should not be too weak, because the total station can automatically measure coordinates, elevation, distance, and angle. However, it must also be directed by the human eye to actively aim at the target. There is no light or the light is too weak. It is difficult for the human eye to find the target of observation. (2) It must be optically visibly, that is, there must be no obstruction on the connection between the target to be observed and the total station. If there is obstruction, it may not be visible to the human eye, aiming at the target, or The total station cannot measure data because of poor observation conditions. The above two points are the conditions that must be met by using the total station measurement. 2. RTK conditions of use (1) No need to look at it, just satellite signal. The RTK host will receive the satellite signal and will not receive the satellite signal, so the RTK will not work. Fortunately, the Beidou satellite is now in use. Whether it is satellite signals or the number of search stars, there is a great improvement. In the open area, it is usually possible to search more than 20 satellites, and no longer need satellite signals in a place for a long time. (2) RTK is mainly divided into radio mode and network mode. The two hosts need to communicate using radio signals or network signals, which are realized by the external radio station of the reference station and the insertion of the mobile phone card. Now entering the 4G era, the coverage of mobile phone signals is also very impressive. It is much more convenient to use the RTK network mode than the radio mode, eliminating the trouble of carrying the battery. Even in some areas with CORS (continuous operation reference station), it is possible to go out and work directly on a single mobile station. The efficiency improvement brought by this technology is obvious to all. From the point of view of the use conditions of the two, it is much easier to compare with Tiantong (except for tunnels and other work), so from this point of view, RTK is slightly better. Second, from the measurement distance The total station is a short-distance measurement. Generally, the longest distance measurement is about 1.5 kilometers. If it is far away, it is difficult for the human eye to find the observation target, and if the return signal is too weak, the data will not be detected. If the point to be observed is far from the known point. Relatively far, it is necessary to move the station multiple times to complete the measurement work. The measurement distance of RTK is generally about 10 kilometers, so in the routine measurement, only the base station needs to be set up once to complete the measurement work. From the distance, it is still the enemy of the radio, RTK and the next city. Third, from the measurement error 1. Total station error analysis In general measurement work, it is impossible for the total station to complete the measurement work at one station. Therefore, it is necessary to move the station. Before the station is moved, the next station should be measured and then moved. At this time, the measurement error appears. Because each point measurement can't be absolutely correct, there is a certain error. In the measurement, it is called error propagation theory. The more the number of moving stations, the larger the error accumulation. If the adjustment is not made, the last time. The accuracy of one point is already very poor, which is unavoidable by the total station. 2.RTK error analysis The principle of RTK measurement is to compare the difference between the reference station and the mobile station, or to obtain the exact relative position between the two stations. The accuracy plane of the connection between them is 1cm+1ppm × D (the distance is increased by 1km, the error Increase by 1 cm), each point measured by the mobile station is the result of comparison with the base station data, and the position of the base station is fixed, so the error of each point measured by the mobile station is Relative to the base station, rather than the total station, it is the two points between the two, so that the RTK has no error propagation, and no error accumulates. Although the total station is not competitive with the RTK in the error accumulation, the RTK is still incapable of high-precision measurement because of the high initial accuracy of the total station. Fourth, from the workers In the process of mapping, the total station generally requires 3 people, one person to observe, one person to run the ruler, and one person to record. RTK only needs one person to look at the base station, one person mobile station, only two people can be used, and even the base station is set up in a safe place, no need to guard, one person can complete the measurement. In the internal industry mapping, the points measured by the RTK can be initially mapped on the handbook, and then only need to be processed. At the time of stakeout, the total station must use the walkie-talkie, and the person operating the total station will command the prism, and the stakeout efficiency is low. The RTK handbook displays the direction, distance difference, azimuth and height difference. A person can look at the instructions to complete the lofting work. Because of the distance indication, the lofting efficiency is much higher than that of the total station. Generally, if you use the total station to stake out the road, you can put about 5 kilometers a day, and the RTK can be put to 10 kilometers. To sum up, in the case of accuracy, and open-air environment, of course, it is more appropriate to choose RTK, but the two are precisely complementary, and the best way to use it properly! Medical Hand Gloves,Disposable Medical Gloves,Examination Medical Gloves,Medical Latex Gloves ShenZhen Bri-Cloud Industrial Co.,Ltd , https://www.sobeautyhealth.com