Specific antibodies can be detected by this method when interfering substances in the antigen material are not easily removed, or when it is difficult to obtain sufficient purified antigen. The principle is that the antibody in the specimen competes with a certain amount of the enzyme-labeled antibody for binding to the solid phase antigen. The more the amount of antibody in the specimen, the less the enzyme-labeled antibody bound to the solid phase, so the positive reaction was lighter than the negative reaction. If the antigen is of high purity, it can be directly coated with a solid phase. If there is an interfering substance in the antigen, the direct coating is not easy to be successful, and the capture coating method may be employed, that is, the antibody corresponding to the solid phase antigen is first coated, and then the antigen is added to form a solid phase antigen. The impurities in the antigen are washed and removed, and then the specimen and the enzyme-labeled antibody are added for competitive binding reaction. The competitive assay antibody has a variety of modes, and the specimen and the enzyme-labeled antibody can compete with the solid phase antigen, and the anti-HBc ELISA generally adopts this method. Another mode is to add the specimen together with the antigen to the solid phase antibody for competitive binding, and then add the enzyme-labeled antibody after washing to react with the antigen bound to the solid phase. This method is generally used for the detection of anti-HBe.

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